Ashland is a census-designated place (CDP) in Rosebud County, Montana, United States. As of the 2020 census, Ashland had a population of 773. Ashland is immediately east of the boundary of the Northern Cheyenne Indian Reservation and also along the Tongue River. It is the location of the St. Labre Indian Catholic High School, established in 1884 as a boarding school by a Catholic mission to the Cheyenne.